Miller's Anatomy of the Dog, 4e

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Arteries of pelvic limb – external and internal iliac artery, femoral artery, and popliteal artery, a b c Wang, Xiaoming and Tedford, Richard H. Dogs: Their Fossil Relatives and Evolutionary History. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008. pp.97-8

Dogs have thirteen pairs of rib bones, all articulated at the dorsal vertebrae. Only nine of them are articulated with the sternum, the four remaining are joined together by an elastic tissue. The ribs have different morphologies depending on the breed of dog, but we can find 4 different types:Jonica Newby; Caroline Penry-Davey (25 September 2003). "Catalyst: Dogs' Eyes". Australian Broadcasting Corporation . Retrieved 26 November 2006. The visceral surface of the dog’s stomach presents a convex outer surface that faces dorsally. Again, the parietal surface of the dog’s stomach faces to the left and cranially and ventrally. Ilipsoas: originates on the ilium and inserts on the lesser trochanter. It acts to flex the hip. It is innervated by the femoral nerve.

The eyes of different breeds of dogs have different shapes, dimensions, and retina configurations. [33] Many long-nosed breeds have a "visual streak"—a wide foveal region that runs across the width of the retina and gives them a very wide field of excellent vision. Some long-muzzled breeds, in particular, the sighthounds, have a field of vision up to 270° (compared to 180° for humans). Short-nosed breeds, on the other hand, have an "area centralis": a central patch with up to three times the density of nerve endings as the visual streak, giving them detailed sight much more like a human's. Some broad-headed breeds with short noses have a field of vision similar to that of humans. [25] [26] Dog retina showing optic disc and vasculature [epiCam]The suspensory ligament of the ovary attaches to the medial and ventral third of the last one or two ribs. Again, the proper ligament of the ovary attaches the uterine end of the ovary to the cranial end of the uterine horn. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sourcesin this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( June 2015) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) It will be better to learn about these organs according to the body systems. Internal dog anatomy organs